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Chronic renal failure

By Mayo Clinic staff

Chronic kidney failure, also known as chronic renal disease, describes the gradual loss of kidney function. The kidneys filter waste products and excess fluid from your blood, which are then excreted in the urine. When the chronic renal failure reaches an advanced stage, dangerous levels of fluid, electrolytes and wastes can build up in your body.

In the early stages of chronic renal failure, you may have a few signs or symptoms. Chronic renal failure may not become evident until the renal function is significantly reduced.

Treatment for chronic renal failure is focused on slowing down the progression of kidney damage, usually by controlling the underlying cause. Chronic renal failure can progress to end-stage renal disease, which is fatal without artificial filtering (dialysis) or a kidney transplant.

Refers to Goldman L, et al, Cecil medicine. 24 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier;. 2012. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/191371208-2/0/1492/0.html#. Accessed April 2, 2012. clinical Adviser Irons FF. 2012 irons: 5 books in 1. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier;. 2012. http://www.mdconsult.com/books/about.do?about=true&eid=4-u1.0-B978-0-323-05611-3 ...Competition-0-38601-8--Top & ISBN = 978-0-323-05611-3 & 291436269-101 uniqId =. Accessed on 2 April, 2012. Marx JA, Rosen's emergency medicine: concepts et al. and clinical practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier;. 2010. http://www.mdconsult.com/books/about.do?about=true&eid=4-u1.0-B978-0-323-05472-0 ...X0001-1--Top & ISBN = 978-0-323-05472-0 230100505 =-& uniqId 57. The 2 April 2012. Bope ET, Conn's current therapy et al. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier;. 2012. http://www.mdconsult.com/books/about.do?eid=4-u1.0-B978-1-4377-0986-5 ...Competition-0-9-38984-Top-978-& ISBN = 1-4377-0986-5 & about = true & = 236797353-5 uniqId. Accessed on April 3, chronic kidney disease About 2012: a guide for patients and their families. National Kidney Foundation. http://www.Kidney.org/Atoz/content/aboutckd.cfm. Accessed on April 3, 2012. Coping effectively: a guide to living well with kidney failure. National Kidney Foundation. http://www.Kidney.org/Atoz/PDF/coping.pdf. Accessed on April 3, 2012. Kidney Failure: the choice of a treatment that is right for you. Kidney and urologic diseases information & National Clearinghouse. http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/KUDiseases/pubs/choosingtreatment/index.aspx. Accessed on 2 April, at 2012. Chronic kidney disease 5: nutrition guidelines. Health nutrition manual. American Dietetic Association. http://nutritioncaremanual.org/index.cfm. Accessed on April 3, 2012 The kidneys and how they work. Kidney and urologic diseases information & National Clearinghouse. http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/yourkidneys/. The 4 April, 2012. El Zoghby ZM (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 1 may 2012, Minnesota Anderson CF (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, 24 April, Rochester, Minnesota 2012. Rethinking drinking: alcohol and your health. National Institute on alcoholism and alcohol abuse. http://pubs.NIAAA.nih.gov/publications/RethinkingDrinking/Rethinking_Drinking.pdf. Access 2012. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, May 8, 2010. U.S. Department of health and human services. http://www.CNPP.USDA.gov/DGAs2010-PolicyDocument.htm. Accessed may 8, 2012. Post R (expert opinion). U.s. Department of Agriculture, Alexandria, VA. August 8, 2011.

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MedlinePlus: respiratory failure

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