MedlinePlus: shortness of breath

The first row in the table of contents contains the following groups: learn more & Multimedia. Reference materials of PRA

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MedlinePlus: diabetic Cardiopathy

The top row of the table of contents box contains the following groups: learn the basics, more information and Multimedia Tools & Cool. For the Multimedia Group & Cool Tools

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NLM & National Endowment for the Humanities to collaborate on initiatives of common interest

The National Library of Medicine (NLM), largest medical library in the world and a component of the National Institutes of Health and the National Endowment for Humanities (NEH) are forming a new partnership. They will cooperate to develop initiatives which bring together scholars, researchers, librarians, doctors and professionals in the cultural heritage from the biomedical Humanities and community in order to share expertise and develop new research programs.

Representatives of the NLM and the NEH signed a memorandum of understanding outlining their partnership and recognize their shared interest to advance health and the spread of education, training and medical information for research, teaching and learning sciences and biomedical communities.

As initial efforts, the partners will work together to:

Explore areas of mutual interest in research, particularly in the fields of digital humanities and history of medicine; develop and participate in programs and courses, training and opportunities for internships and other educational initiatives; andDevelop initiatives to improve access to careers in medicine and health, with particular interest in reaching students who are underrepresented in the fields

On the partner institutions:

The National Endowment for the Humanities is a grant-making agency-Executive, independent of the United States of America, dedicated to supporting research, education, preservation, and public programs in the humanities and social sciences that use humanistic methods. NEH accomplishes this mission by providing grants for Humanities projects of high quality cultural institutions such as museums, archives, libraries, schools, universities, public television and radio stations and individual scholars.

Since its founding in 1836, the National Library of Medicine has played a key role in translating biomedical research into practice. NLM, the National Institutes of Health, is the largest medical library in the world, with more than 17 million items in the collection. Leader in innovation of information, is the developer of electronic information services used by scientists, health professionals and audiences around the world. NLM makes its services information known and available with the help of the national network of libraries of medicine, which consists of 5,600 member institutions, including eight regional medical libraries. NLM conducts and supports research that relates to computer and information technology to meet the information needs of doctors, public health administrators, biomedical researchers and consumers.

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NLM Announces public release of papers of John b. Calhoun, NIH researcher noted social crowding and aggression

The history of Medicine Division, national library of Medicine (NLM) announces the public release of documents from John b. Calhoun (1917-1995), a researcher of behavioral sciences noted at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), a component of the National Institutes of Health. From the 1950s through the 1980s, Dr. Calhoun has studied the behavior of mice and rats in conditions of extreme overcrowding. He, along with other social scientists, politicians and pundits, readily extrapolated his work to comment on Human crowding in urban environments, just as the country was undergoing a massive redevelopment of its urban structures. His conclusions have found a ready audience among those who saw the world's overpopulation as not only a problem of resources, but of social cohesion.

In a statement, Calhoun's work with rats inspired 1971 children's book, Mrs. Frisby and the rats of NIMH by Robert c. O'Brien, which was adapted into an animated film of 1982, the secret of NIMH.

John b. Calhoun was born in Elkton, Tennessee, in 1917. After his undergraduate education at the University of Virginia (B.A., 1939) and postgraduate work in zoology from Northwestern University (PhD, 1943), post-graduate work and Professor at Emory University, Ohio State University and the Johns Hopkins University School of hygiene and public health, studying sociology and ecology of Norway rats. After further work at the Jackson Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine and the army Graduate School at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, in 1954 he joined the section on perception in psychology laboratory at NIMH. He spent the rest of his career.

Study rats in conditions of overcrowding, Calhoun observed what he termed the "behavioural sink". This aberrant behavior as indicated hyperaggression, inability to reproduce normally, infant cannibalism, increased mortality and aberrant sexual models in such situations of overcrowding. His general conclusion was that "the space itself is a necessity". In the 1960s, his research switched in the field of evolution and behavior, which informs the current field of evolutionary psychology. In 1963 he formed and was the first Director of the NIMH for behavioral systems research (URBS) in the laboratory of brain evolution and behavior (LBEB). There he observed the effects of crowding on a community of mice that have been permitted to overpopulate, seeing a complete end to play, with the entire population died. Calhoun coined the term "Autism" to describe the behavior of the Group at that point finale, how I became incapable of social interaction is essential for survival. In the mid-1970s, his research moved to turn to cultural ways that rats acquired to counteract the effects of overcrowding.

Calhoun retired from NIMH in 1984, but continued to work on his research results until his death on September 7, 1995.

The collection, "MS C 586," comprises 196 linear metres of records mostly material from 1954 to 1986. It was donated in 1997, as a gift from Edith Calhoun, his widow. In addition to laboratory notebooks and drafts of articles, the collection is particularly noteworthy for the film, video cassettes and spools audiocassettes that Dr. Calhoun used to document his experiments.

Calhoun cards form one of the collections of research described almost 600 of modern manuscripts of the library program. I am one of a vast number of human development and behavioral sciences; others include the papers of Bertram Brown, Wayne Dennis, Lawrence k. Frank, Paul MacLean, Lois Meek, Lois b. Murphy and Herbert Rowell Stolz, as well as the records of the Society for Research in Child Development and Child Guidance Clinic and child psychiatry movement interview collection.

Calhoun materials can be found in the history of Medicine Division reading room, National Library of Medicine, open Monday to Friday, from 17: 8:30 to 0, except for Federal holidays on the first floor of the building on 38 NIH campus, Bethesda, Maryland. No appointment is necessary. Finding aid for the collection can be found at http://oculus.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/f/findaid/findaid-idx?c=nlmfindaid;idno=calhoun586.

The National Library of Medicine, the largest medical library in the world, is a component of the National Institutes of Health.

Dr. John b. Calhoun points to two injured mice tail on her arm from Universe 17, 102. November 1969.

A view of the universe mouse 33, showing four group cells 01 week 162 of an experiment, study possibly 133. C. 1975.

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New topic on Genetics Home Reference: Senior-Løken syndrome

Senior syndrome – ken is a rare condition characterized by the combination of two specific functions: a kidney condition called nephronophthisis and ocular disease known as congenital Leber amaurosis.

Nephronophthisis causes fluid-filled cysts develop in the kidneys begin during childhood. These cysts affect kidney function, initially causing increased urine production (polyuria) and excessive thirst (polydipsia), general weakness and extreme tiredness (fatigue). Nephronophthisis leading to end-terminal chronic renal failure (ESRD) later in childhood or adolescence. ESRD is a life-threatening renal function insufficiency occurs when the kidneys are no longer able to filter efficiently liquids and waste products from the body.

Amaurosis congenita of Leber mainly affects the retina, that is the specialized tissue in the back of the eye that senses light and color. This condition causes vision problems, including an increased sensitivity to light (photophobia), involuntary eye movements (nystagmus) and extreme farsightedness (hyperopia). Some people with the syndrome of Senior-L ken develop signs of congenital Leber amaurosis within the first few years of life, while others do not develop vision problems until later in childhood.

These resources address the diagnosis or management of Senior-L ken and may include providers of treatment.

You may also find information about the diagnosis or management of Senior-L ken in patient support and educational resources.

To locate a healthcare provider, see how do I find a genetics professional in my area? in the manual.

The following resources on Senior syndrome-L ken may be useful. These materials are written for the general public.

You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for health professionals and researchers.

This manual provides basic information on genetics in clear language.

These links provide additional resources that may be useful to genetics.

The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Users seeking information about a genetic disease, syndrome or condition should consult with a qualified healthcare provider. See how do I find a genetics professional in my area? in the manual.

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